OER Knowledge CloudJournal Article20112011/03Kop, RitaMcGreal, RoryConrad, Diannepresencepowerpedagogyopen learningonline learningnetworked learninglearner autonomye-learningconnectivismThe International Review of Research in Open and Distributed LearningInternational Review of Research in Open and Distance Learning12319-381492-3831Self-directed learning on open online networks is now a possibility as communication and resources can be combined to create learning environments. But is it really? There are some challenges that might prevent learners from having a quality learning experience. This paper raises questions on levels of learner autonomy, presence, and critical literacies required in active connectivist learning.yeshttp://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/882http://www.irrodl.org/index.php/irrodl/article/view/882882-7678-2-PB.pdf