OER Knowledge CloudBook ChapterWaks, Leonard J.Higher education offers 'secondary educational benefits' – credits and diplomas – which serve as job and career qualifications providing access to advantageous careers and social positions. Critics argue that MOOCs cannot provide such benefits. Developments since 2012 blunt these critiques. The first section of this chapter considers the contribution of MOOC certificates to diploma-based credentials when accepted for transfer credit. The second section then considers stand-alone MOOC-based qualifications such as Udacity 'nano-degrees', ALISON 'diplomas', Coursera 'specializations' and edX 'mini-masters'. The chapter ends with an examination of MOOC certificates and badges as components of digital capability portfolios. The conclusion is that bundling of learning experiences including MOOC certificates in personalized portfolios may fit the occupational credential needs of many learners better than college diplomas in the emerging 'gig economy'.20162016/10Palgrave Macmillan US83-101United States10.1057/978-1-349-85204-8_5https://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-85204-8_5978-1-349-85204-8does not applycompetency-based learningdigital portfoliosMOOC certificatesnano-degreesoccupational qualificationstransfer credithttps://doi.org/10.1057/978-1-349-85204-8_5New York, United States, North America