@techreport {
	title = {MOOCs in Europe: Evidence from pilot surveys with universities and MOOC learners},
	year = {2016},
	month = {06/2016},
	author = {Muñoz, Jonatan Castaño and Punie, Yves and dos Santos, Andreia Inamorato and JRC-IPTS},
	keywords = {up-skilling, re-skilling, policy recommendations, MOOCs, learner demographics, governmental policy, accreditation, Academic policy},
	publisher = {European Commission},
	abstract = {Headlines
 MOOCs are an important part of non-formal learning for individuals with higher education experience, particularly those who are either unemployed or low earners.
 MOOC certificates currently have low value in the labour market and in formal education.
 Data from studies of MOOCs in Europe sometimes differ from US studies.
 The number of MOOCS offered by HEIs in Europe is growing but they are not yet widespread.
 Digital competence is very important for participation in MOOCs.
 The socio-economic profile of MOOC learners varies according to the subject of the course.
 Feedback and interaction with peers and teachers is important for MOOC learners, but often},
	refereed = {does not apply},
	url = {https://ec.europa.eu/jrc/sites/jrcsh/files/JRC%20brief%20MOOCs_JRC101956.pdf},
	attachments = {JRC brief MOOCs_JRC101956.pdf},
}